# Tracking income and expenses in the ledger

> Set up cash and bank accounts, keep current-account balances, record income and expenses, and feed paid orders into the ledger automatically.

Canonical page: https://magazamhazir.com/fr/yardim/on-muhasebe-kullanimi
Menu path in the store admin: Finans > Ön Muhasebe
Requires plugin(s): pre-accounting
Last updated: 2026-09-01

Ön Muhasebe is your store's own in-house ledger: who owes you, who you owe, what is in the till, what you actually netted this month. It is not an accounting package and you cannot file a tax return from it — the VAT tab produces a summary you hand to your accountant. Legal documents (invoices, e-archive) and external ERPs are separate plugins; this ledger does not replace them, it is fed by them.

## Avant de commencer

- The Pre-accounting plugin enabled on your store
- View or manage permission for the accounting section
- Any opening balances carried over from your previous system

## Étapes

### 1. Open the pre-accounting hub {#adim-1}

Go to Finans → Ön Muhasebe. The summary row shows cash + bank, total receivable, total payable, overdue receivables and this month's net. The cards below lead to current accounts, income/expense, cash & bank, cheques & notes, reports and settings.

### 2. Define your cash and bank accounts {#adim-2}

On the Kasa & Banka screen press Yeni hesap. Pick a type — cash, bank or POS; a bank account takes a bank name and IBAN, a POS account a provider. The opening balance is what sits in that account today. Marking one account as default makes new entries land there. At least one account is required, because the rest of the ledger posts into them.

### 3. Open current accounts and enter carried-over balances {#adim-3}

On Cari Hesaplar press Yeni cari. The type is customer, supplier, or both. The opening balance is what carried over from your previous system and its sign matters: a positive balance means they owe you. Every contact has a statement view with a running and closing balance, and the list filters down to debtors or creditors.

### 4. Record income and expense entries {#adim-4}

On Gelir / Gider press Yeni kayıt. Choose income or expense, then fill amount, date, category, account and — where relevant — the contact. Amounts are entered gross, VAT included; the net base and the VAT are split automatically from the rate you pick. You can attach a photo of the receipt, which is stored privately and is not reachable from outside.

### 5. Switch on the automatic feed {#adim-5}

The Otomatik Besleme block inside pre-accounting settings pushes data you already have into the ledger. Each source is toggled separately: orders (paid orders become an income entry plus a customer balance), invoices, expense receipts, courier cash-on-delivery, gift cards and refunds. The earliest-date field caps how far back it reads — leave it empty and it reads from the last run to today, at most 30 days. Choose a target account and category, then run it.

### 6. Put cheques and promissory notes in the portfolio {#adim-6}

On Çek & Senet press Yeni kıymet. Direction is either received (a receivable) or issued (a payable); the drawer is the name printed on the paper, which is often not the same as the contact. Status starts in the portfolio and moves through deposited, cleared, bounced or endorsed. Instruments coming due show up in the hub summary and in the cash-flow report.

### 7. Close the month with the finance reports {#adim-7}

Finans Raporları has four tabs: cash flow (today's cash + bank against a 90-day projection, naming the week a shortfall appears), ageing (receivables and payables bucketed 1-30, 31-60, 61-90 and 90+ days), VAT, and profit-and-loss. Every report exports to CSV or PDF.

## Conseils

### A collection is not income

The screen says it plainly: if the sale is already recorded, enter the money you received through the contact's collection action rather than as a second income entry. Otherwise the same sale appears twice in the ledger and your month-end net comes out higher than reality.

### Transfers cannot be undone, only reversed

A transfer between accounts is written as one operation and cannot be edited afterwards; to correct it you record a transfer the other way. Likewise an account with a non-zero balance cannot be deleted — move the money out before closing it.

## Questions fréquentes

### Can I issue e-invoices and file a tax return from here?

No. Pre-accounting keeps your ledger; the legal-document side is a separate plugin and lives in the same Finans menu as Faturalar, Gider Pusulaları and E-Fatura Entegrasyonları. The VAT tab is a summary, not a return — withholding is not calculated; it prepares the data you hand to your accountant.

### If I run the automatic feed twice, do entries duplicate?

No. Running it again is safe; the same document is never written a second time. The run history shows how many new entries each pass created and how many were counted as already present.

### Should I enter amounts excluding VAT?

No — enter the gross, VAT-inclusive figure. The net base and the VAT are split automatically from the rate you choose, and the profit-and-loss report shows the net both with and without VAT.